A SPOTS

Microscopic points of contact.

AN

  1. Air Force-Navy.
  2. Aircraft wire.

ANA

Air Force Navy Aeronautical

ANAF

Army-Navy-Air Force

Analog

  1. Representation of data by continuously variable quantities.
  2. A measurable quantity that takes on a continuous set of values. Non-digital.

Analog Circuits

Circuits which provide a continuous relationship between input and output.

Analog Voltage

A continuously changing or linear voltage derived from the word analogy, hence is representative of a changing or linear condition.

ANC

Air Force Navy Civil

And Gate

Logic gate. All inputs must have logic "1" signals to produce a logic "1" output state.

Angle (of a Connector)

  1. The deflected angle of an angle connector.
  2. Pertaining to a branch connector, the least angle between the branch and the main conductor.

Angle Connector

A connector which joins two conductors end-to-end at a specified angle.

Anneal

To soften and relieve strains in any solid material, such as metal or glass, by heating to just below its melting point and then slowly cooling it. This also generally lowers the tensile strength of the material, while improving its flex life.

Annular Conductor

A number of wires stranded in three reversed concentric layers around a core.

Annular Ring

That portion of conductive material completely surrounding a hole on a PC board.

Anode

The terminal of a device such as a diode, battery, or electron tube, that gives up electrons and causes a DC voltage and current flow from its external circuit to its internal circuit. In a battery (the external circuit), the negative electrode from which electrons flow is called the anode; however, in a metal plating cell (the internal circuit powered by the external circuit), the cathode is the receiving electron-rich electrode on which the metal plating occurs.

Anodic Silver

A precious metal used in plating. Fine silver in different configurations, such as shot, cones, bars, etc., is sacrificed during the silver plating process.

Anodize

Formation of a protective, insulating oxide layer on a metal by electrolytic action.

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

Anti Fish Hooking (Anti Tangle)

See Fish Hooking.

Anti-static Packaging

Material that does not retain static electricity.

Anti-Rotation

Connector design which includes keying or locking provisions to maintain positive orientation for accessory hardware.

Antioxidant

A chemical substance that prevents or slows down the oxidation of a material by preferentially tending to oxidize itself and giving "galvanic plating-like" protection to a material.

Anvil

That part of the crimping die, normally stationary, which positions and supports the terminal during crimping. Sometimes called Nest.

APC

Angled Physical Contact

Application Tooling

The means by which electronic interconnect devices are inserted into an electronic product. Variations include hand insertion, automation and robotics.

AQL

Acceptable Quality Level

AQP

Advanced Quality Planning. A systematic all function approach to "doing it right the first time." All the steps involved in product and process design and implementation are analyzed by the appropriate resources to prevent defects right from the start.

Aramid

A generic description of a group of high temperature aromatic polyamides.

ARC

A spark or flash caused when a high voltage ionizes a gas or vapor.

Arc Resistance

The characteristic of insulating materials to resist carbonization (usually called tracking) of the material surface between electrodes resulting from voltage breakdown.

Arc-Over Voltage

The minimum voltage required to cause an arc between electrodes separated by a gas or liquid insulation.

Architecture

Organizational structure of a computing system, mainly referring to the CPU, or microprocessor.

ARCNET

The first LAN sold commercially and one of the least expensive.

Area Array Tab

An array of pads that are located along the edge as well as the inner surface area of a substrate.

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

A circuit that performs the basic mathematical operations, such as addition and subtraction, on binary numbers.

Armored Cable

A cable provided with a wrapping of metal, usually steel wires or tapes, primarily for the purpose of mechanical protection.

Aromatic

An organic molecule built around the hexagonal six carbon benzene structure. More thermally stable than linear or branched aliphatic structures.

Array

An integrated circuit in which a number of independent active elements are packaged inside one enclosure.

Arrow Head

Where one end of the pin, contact or terminal is shaped like an arrow.

ASA

Formerly American Standards Association, replaced by American National Standards Institute.

ASCII

American Standard Code for Information Interchange. A standard code used extensively in data transmission, in which 128 numerals, letters, symbols, and special control codes are each represented by a 7-bit binary number (8 bits if a parity, or checking, is added). For example, numeral 5 is represented by 011 0101.

ASE

Service entrance cable that is flame retardant, moisture resistant, and abuse resistant.

ASG

Aeronautical Standards Group

ASIC

Application Specific Integrated Circuit. An IC chip designed for a specific application or product.

Aspect Ratio

Ratio of board thickness to diameter of the PCB hole. As boards become thicker, it becomes harder and more expensive to plate the holes all the way through, especially when the holes are small. Therefore, as a general rule this ratio should not become greater than 8:1.

Asperities

Surface roughness and irregularities.

Associates Sell

The ability to design in other connectors within a specific customer application.

ASTM

American Society for Testing and Materials

Asynchronous

A data transmission protocol that is not synchronized by a common timing signal. Each character can be transmitted at any time and is distinguished by a start bit and stop bit. In synchronous communication, start and stop bits are not needed because there is a regular time interval between transmissions.With asynchronous terminals, a transmission can be initiated at either end.

AT

Asbestos insulated fixture wire impregnated with moisture-resisting flame-retarding compound. 300 V. 150º C, 10-18 AWG.

ATA-EIDE

Advanced Technology Attachment-Extended Enhanced Data Electronics. Refers to a standard protocol for disk drive interface for disk capacity up to 8.4 gigabytes. Also allows connection of up to 4 EIDE devices per system. This standard is also known as FAST ATA.

ATC

Two or three individually braided AT conductors twisted together without overall covering. 300 V, 150º C, 10-18 AWG.

ATE

Automatic Test Equipment

AT-IDE

Advanced Technology-Integrated Data Electronics. Refers to a standard protocol for disk drive interface for disk drive capacity up to 528 megabytes.

ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode. ATM is the networking technology of the near and far future. 

ATM is cell-switching and multiplexing technology that combines the benefits of circuit switching (constant transmission delay and guaranteed capacity-voice telephone service), with those of packet switching (flexibility and efficient handling of intermittent traffic like data communications).

Because of its scalability, ATM will impact all points on the "food chain," from the chip on a daughter card in a workstation (or any user device) to the inner fabric of a public switch. 

Atom

The smallest elementary particle of a chemical element having the properties of the element.

ATPD

Two or three AT conductors twisted together with cotton or asbestos braid overall. 300 V, 150º C, 10-18 AWG.

ATPO

Two AT conductors without individual braid, laid parallel and braided overall. 300 V, 150º C, 10-18 AWG.

ATS

Heat resistant cord with impregnated, asbestos insulation and rubber jacket. 300 V, 150º C, 10-18 AWG, 2 or 3 conductors.

Attenuation

  1. Decrease in power expressed in decibels (dB). Can be caused by the medium over which it is transmitted (copper or fiber) and by equipment, splices and cross-connections.
  2. In fiber optics, a term used for expressing the total losses on a optical fiber consisting of the ratio of light output to light input. Attenuation is usually measured in decibels per kilometer (dB/km) at a specific wavelength. The lower the number, the better the fiber. Typical multimode wavelengths are 850 and 1300 nanometers (nm); single mode, at 1300 and 1550 nm. When specifying attenuation, it is important to note if it is nominal or average, a room temperature value or maximum over operating range.
  3. The ratio of the input to output power levels in a network (transmission line) when it is excited by a matched source and terminated in a matched load.
  4. Power loss in an electrical system.
  5. The decrease in magnitude of a wave as it travels through any transmitting medium, such as a cable or circuitry. Attenuation is measured as a ratio or as the logarithm of a ratio of output/input power (decibel).

Attenuation Constant

A rating for a cable or other transmitting medium, which is the relative rate of amplitude decrease of voltage or current in the direction of travel. It is measured in decibels per unit length of cable.

Attenuator

A device inserted into the electrical or optical path to lessen or weaken the signal.

Au/Sn

A solder alloy of gold/tin usually in a 80/20 ratio used for sealing gold plated packages.

Audio

A term used to describe sounds within the range of human hearing. Also used to describe devices that are designed to operate within this range.

Audio Connector

A Level 4 miniature circular connector.

Audio Frequency

That range of frequencies lying within the range of human hearing: approximately 20 to 20,000 KHz.

Automated Wire Bonding

A computer aided high production process or ultrasonic methods.

Autotransformer

A transformer with a single winding in which part of the winding acts as a primary winding, and part of the winding acts as a secondary winding. The primary is not isolated from the secondary. It can also have a variable output (movable tap).

AV

  1. Audio Visual.
  2. Asbestos and varnished cambric insulated power and control cables.

AVA

Impregnated asbestos and varnished cambric insulated wire with asbestos or glass braid. 600 V, 110 degrees C.

AVB

Same as AVA except cotton braid. 600 V, 90 degrees C.

AVC

  1. Automatic Volume Control
  2. Asbestos and varnished cambric insulated power and control cables.

Avikrimp

Premium line terminal trade name for insulated (nylon) crimped terminators with internal metal support sleeve or ferrule.

AVL

Same as AinA except lead sheath is 600 in, 110 degrees C; 50000 in, 100 degrees C.

AW

Arming Wire

AWG

American Wire Gauge. A system of measure used to indicate wire size for copper wires in cables. 24 AWG is the most common in telecommunications cabling. The lower the AWG number, the larger the wire diameter. A difference of 3 AWG unity halves or doubles the wire cross-section area ratio.

AWM

Appliance Wiring Material

Axial Displacement

Incremental difference between an initial position and a final position resulting from a force applied along the component's axis.

Axial Lead

A wire coming out from the end along the axis of a component.

Axid

A Premium line patented IDT collapsible terminal of unique design which is pre-inserted into a two-part (upper and lower) housing.

See also Co-Axid.