B

Abbreviation for braid.

B & S

Brown & Sharpe Gauge. A wire diameter standard that is the same as AWG.

See also AWG.

BABT

British Approvals Board for Telecommunications

Babyboard

A type of PCB used on a daughterboard or motherboard.

Back End

Usually refers to the terminating end of a metal terminal.

Back Mounted

When a connector is mounted from the inside of a panel or box with its mounting flanges inside the equipment.

Backbone

A backbone is a larger transmission line that carries data gathered from smaller lines that interconnect with it. At the local level, a backbone is a line, or set of lines, that local area networks connect to for a wide area network connection or within a local are network to span distances more efficiently (for example, between buildings). On the Internet, or other wide area network, a backbone is a set of paths that local or regional networks connect to for long-distance interconnection. The connection points are known as network nodes or telecommunication data switching exchanges (DSE's).

Backbone Raceway

Portion of cable pathway system for the main cables of the network.

See also Front End.

Backplane

  1. Another name in high-end applications for motherboard.
  2. The backbone of a "bus" system serving as a contact plane for signal and power lines.
  3. Multi-layer construction.

Backplane Connector 

An interconnection assembly configuration which has terminals on one side, connector receptacles on the other side, and provides point-to-point electrical interconnections. The point-to-point electrical connection may be printed wiring.

Backplane Panel  

An interconnection panel into which PC cards or other panels can be plugged. These panels come in a variety of designs ranging from a PC motherboard to individual connectors mounted in a metal frame.

Backshell Mold

A mold used to create a covering over the backshell of a connector or plug after it is connected to a cable.

Balanced Coupler

A coupler that has an even ratio of power splits i.e. 1x4 - 25/25/25/25.

Balanced Line

Also known as a Double-Ended Transmission Line or Cable. A cable having two identical signal conductors, one on which resides a signal and on the other its complement (in polarity), both balanced in absolute voltage difference, referenced to ground, as equal and constant, independent of voltage polarity, which yields a mutual coupling of the electromagnetic fields between the signals. Twin-ax (coax with a signal pair of conductors) is an example of a balanced line.

Balun

  1. Balance/unbalance transformer. A device used to match impedance between coaxial-type systems or wiring and twisted-pair wiring.
  2. A device for matching an unbalanced coaxial transmission line to a balanced two-wire system. Normally also gives impedance transformation, as 300 ohm balanced to 75 ohm unbalanced.

Band Marking

A continuous circumferential bank applied to a conductor at regular intervals for identification.

Bandolier Pins

Pins that are held in a chain form on a brass or steel carrier called a bandolier. The purpose of this carrier is for the orientation of the pins during selective plating and assembly. The bandolier is discarded after assembly.

Bandwidth

  1. The amount of data that can be sent through a network connection, measured in bits per second (bps).
  2. The range of transmission frequencies a network can use, expressed as the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies of a transmission channel (in Hertz, or cycles per second). High bandwidth allows fast transmission or high-volume transmission.

Barb

See Locking Spring.

Bare Board

A PC board which has been printed, etched, plated and drilled, but has no components mounted on its surfaces.

Bare Conductor

A conductor not covered with insulating material.

Barrel

The back end portion of a terminal or contact that is crimped to the conductor or insulation or both. When designed to receive the conductor, it is called the wire barrel. When designed to support or grip the insulation, it is called insulation barrel.

Barrel Line Plating

A manufacturing process for overall tin plating loose pins/ terminals. The pins/terminals are placed in a barrel which is agitated and moves from one solution tank to the next based on a pre-set program. The total process for one tank takes approximately 1.5 hours; but we can have 6-12 barrels plating at the same time. One operator required per shift to operate.

Barrier

Dielectric material that insulates electrical circuits from each other or from ground.

Barrier Block

See Terminal Block.

Barrier Potential

The electrostatic field strength of the "dipoles" across the depletion layer (a charge carrier-free zone) or interfacial junction created by bonding two different semiconductor types together.

See also Depletion Layer, Semiconductor, Diode.

Barrier Strip

A continuous section of dielectric material which insulates electrical circuits from each other or from ground.

Base

See Header.

Base Material

The insulating material upon which the conductive pattern of a PC board may be formed. The base material may be rigid or flexible.

Base Metal

Metal from which the connector, contact or other metal accessory is made and on which one or more metals or coatings may be deposited. Sometimes called basis metal.

Baseband

Digital networking approach in which all signals are sent at the same frequency. Almost all current LANs are baseband LANs, though Ethernet, in configurations no longer popular, can ride as one of many communications channels on a broadband LAN. Broadband ISDN is a baseband communications technique.

See also Broadband ISDN.

See also Broadband LAN.

Base Station

A fixed radio transmitter/receiver, which electronically relays signals to and from mobile voice and data terminals and handsets.

Base Station Controller

A VoB access node for voice over a wireless broadband network.

See also VoB.

Battery

A direct current voltage source, consisting of two or more cells connected together, which converts chemical, nuclear, solar, or thermal energy into electrical energy.

Baud

The number of bits per second.

Bayonet Coupling

A quick coupling device for plug and receptacle connectors, accomplished by rotation of a device designed to bring the connector halves together.

BC

Bare copper or bell cord.

BCD

  1. Binary Coded Decimal
  2. Busdrop cable, plastic.

BeCu

See Berryllium Copper.

Bellcore

A United States Telecom Standards association that tests products and establishes recommended standards that telecom manufacturers should abide by. Although companies are not required to follow them, many customers will insist that the products they buy meet these specifications. Bellcore only deals with products sold in the US, so international companies selling in the US pay close attention to these standards. Bellcore standards are slowly being replaced with international specs from the IEC.

Bellmouth

Flared or a tapered/widened entrance to a connector crimp barrel permitting an essentially smooth stress transition zone between the highly compressed, crimped wire within the barrel and the wire (uncompressed, uncrimped) outside of the barrel, thus preventing micro-cracking of both the barrel and the wire.

Bellows Contact

A connector contact that is a flat spring folded to provide uniform spring rate over the full tolerance range of the mating contact.

Bend Loss

A form of increased attenuation caused by either having the fiber curved around a restrictive radius of curvature, or microbends caused by minute distortions in the fiber imposed by externally induced perturbations. Excessive bend loss may result from poor drawing or cable manufacturing techniques.

Bend Radius

Radius a fiber can bend before the risk of breakage or increase in attenuation.

BER

Bit Error Rate. The probability of error per bit in a digital communications system.

Beryllium

A connector metal that is lighter than aluminum, non-magnetic, and is characterized by good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. The most important use for beryllium is in alloys, especially beryllium-copper alloys.

Beryllium Copper (BeCu)

A relatively expensive contact material with properties superior to brass and phosphor bronze. It is recommended for contact applications that require repeated extraction and reinsertion because of its resistance to fatigue at high operating temperatures.

BET

Building Entrance Terminal. A device used to provide cross-connection and protection at or around the building entry point.

BETA

The current gain of a transistor, symbolized by the Greek letter B (ß). The ratio of collector current to base current in a transistor, when the collector-to-emitter voltage is kept constant. May be DC or AC ratio for small or large signals.

BEV

One billion electron volts.

Bidirectional

The movement of optical signals in opposite directions through a common fiber cable.

Bifurcate

Describes lengthwise slotting of a flat spring contact, as used in a PC connector, to provide additional independently operating points of contact.

Bifurcate Connector

A hermaphroditic connector containing fork-shaped mating contacts.

Bifurcated Contact

Spring contact that has been split lengthwise to provide two independent contact surfaces. This redundancy assures two points of contact with the mating conductor element.

Binary

A system of numerical representation using only, two symbols: "0" and "1".

Binary Coded Decimal (BCD)

The binary equivalent of the decimals 0 to 9 arranged in words of four bits.

Binder

A thread or tape used for holding wire groups together within a larger cable. The usual binder group for twisted pair is 25.

Binding Post

A fixed support, generally screw-type, to which conductors are connected.

Bipolar

Bipolar semiconductors are still one of the oldest and longest lasting technologies used to manufacture transistors and other semiconductors. Bipolar semiconductors are still very popular because of their low price and and their fast switching times.

Birdcage

A defect in stranded wire where the strands in the stripped portion between the covering of an insulated wire and a soldered connection (or an end-tinned lead) have separated from the normal lay of the strands.

BIT

Binary Digit. A bit can have a value of either 0 or 1. In the BCD system, four bits represent one decimal digit.

Black Box

An electronic system approach to electronic circuits which concerns itself only with the input and output, and ignores the interior circuit elements.

Blade Contact

A flat male contact designed to mate with a flat female contact (blade on beam), also known in the industry as leaf style contacts.

Blanking

A manufacturing operation where the designed scrap is cut/ punched out from the material. This process is usually used in gold plated parts to save gold being plated on the portion of the material that is going to be scrapped.

Blind Mating

A term that describes the mating of rack-and-panel connectors via guide or key pins that assure correct mating.

Blind Via

A via which extends from one or more inner layers to the surface of a substrate or board.

Blister

A raised area on the surface of a molded part caused by the pressure of gasses inside on its incompletely hardened surface.

Block

Connector housing.

Block Diagram

A diagram of the electrical essentials of a circuit of an electronic system which is graphically displayed in the form of blocks of black boxes, each depicting a subsystem.